一、input:file属性
属性值有以下几个比较常用:
accept:表示可以选择的文件MIME类型,多个MIME类型用英文逗号分开,常用的MIME类型见下表。
multiple:是否可以选择多个文件,多个文件时其value值为第一个文件的虚拟路径。
1、accept
只能选择png和gif图片
<input id="fileId1" type="file" accept="image/png,image/gif" name="file" />
2、multiple
多文件上传
<input id="fileId2" type="file" multiple="multiple" name="file" />
3、常用MIME类型
后缀名 | MIME名称 |
---|---|
*.3gpp | audio/3gpp, video/3gpp |
*.ac3 | audio/ac3 |
*.asf | allpication/vnd.ms-asf |
*.au | audio/basic |
*.css | text/css |
*.csv | text/csv |
*.doc | application/msword |
*.dot | application/msword |
*.dtd | application/xml-dtd |
*.dwg | image/vnd.dwg |
*.dxf | image/vnd.dxf |
*.gif | image/gif |
*.htm | text/html |
*.html | text/html |
*.jp2 | image/jp2 |
*.jpe | image/jpeg |
*.jpeg | image/jpeg |
*.jpg | image/jpeg |
*.js | text/javascript, application/javascript |
*.json | application/json |
*.mp2 | audio/mpeg, video/mpeg |
*.mp3 | audio/mpeg |
*.mp4 | audio/mp4, video/mp4 |
*.mpeg | video/mpeg |
*.mpg | video/mpeg |
*.mpp | application/vnd.ms-project |
*.ogg | application/ogg, audio/ogg |
application/pdf | |
*.png | image/png |
*.pot | application/vnd.ms-powerpoint |
*.pps | application/vnd.ms-powerpoint |
*.ppt | application/vnd.ms-powerpoint |
*.rtf | application/rtf, text/rtf |
*.svf | image/vnd.svf |
*.tif | image/tiff |
*.tiff | image/tiff |
*.txt | text/plain |
*.wdb | application/vnd.ms-works |
*.wps | application/vnd.ms-works |
*.xhtml | application/xhtml+xml |
*.xlc | application/vnd.ms-excel |
*.xlm | application/vnd.ms-excel |
*.xls | application/vnd.ms-excel |
*.xlt | application/vnd.ms-excel |
*.xlw | application/vnd.ms-excel |
*.xml | text/xml, application/xml |
*.zip | aplication/zip |
*.xlsx | application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet |
二、样式美化
请看博客: css input[type=file] 样式美化,input上传按钮美化
三、AJAX上传文件
在说到ajax上传文件。ajax上传的时候,需要获得input:file选择的文件(可能为多个文件),获取其文件列表为:
// input标签的files属性
document.querySelector("#fileId").files
// 返回的是一个文件列表数组
获得的文件列表,然后遍历插入到表单数据当中。即:
// 获得上传文件DOM对象
var oFiles = document.querySelector("#fileId");
// 实例化一个表单数据对象
var formData = new FormData();
// 遍历图片文件列表,插入到表单数据中
for (var i = 0, file; file = oFiles[i]; i++) {
// 文件名称,文件对象
formData.append(file.name, file);
}
获得表单数据之后,就可以用ajax的POST上传。
// 实例化一个AJAX对象
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.onload = function() {
alert("上传成功!");
}
xhr.open("POST", "upload.php", true);
// 发送表单数据
xhr.send(formData);
上传到服务器之后,获取到文件列表为:
Array
(
[jpg_jpg] => Array
(
[name] => jpg.jpg
[type] => image/jpeg
[tmp_name] => D:\xampp\tmp\phpA595.tmp
[error] => 0
[size] => 133363
)
[png_png] => Array
(
[name] => png.png
[type] => image/png
[tmp_name] => D:\xampp\tmp\phpA5A6.tmp
[error] => 0
[size] => 1214628
)
)
在服务端循环遍历这个数组就可以上传文件了。